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-=> E M U L A T I O N S <=- ^hWhat is an emulation^n An emulation is the thing in Terminate that handles your screen and keyboard control. It decides how to translate the received data from a system to colors and characters on your screen. If you do not require any special settings everything will already be set to best performance and you will not need to change anything. ^hEmulations available in Terminate^n ^hANSI^n ANSI is the most used protocol in the world. ANSI uses the same control codes as ANSI.SYS. The special variation called ANSI-BBS is the prefered and should be used for normal BBS use. The ANSI emulation supports the VT-102 scrolling commands, but you remember not to turn on ANSI music codes since there are escape codes that conflict. ANSI-BBS is the default protocol in Terminate, which will ensure that you can connect to most systems without changing anything. ^hAvatar^n Avatar is a emulation that is used now by much BBS software. The benefit of Avatar is that the control codes are fewer characters (binary) and there are compression codes for multiple characters normally speeding up the screens 100% compared to ANSI. However Avatar has a problem with using the XonXoff codes as screen commands and therefore you must be sure to disable software flow control if you want to use this emulation. Using Avatar with ANSI-BBS fallback will ensure you fast screen updates whenever possible and both Avatar and ANSI commands are accepted at the same time. If you log onto places only using ANSI or ANSI-BBS codes, you could select the ANSI-BBS or ANSI emulation instead for faster internal performance. Other variation are also available, but should only be used in special cases where the others give you problems. ^hVT-52^n Is a very old emulation that is hardly used anymore. It is only provided to you for backwards compatibility. ^hVT-100^n The original VT-100 emulation in Terminate has been developed to follow the DEC standards very carefully. The strict mode will therefore not allow any highbit characters. You can however use the relaxed mode to get around this. Only a few screen attribute functions are defined in VT-100 which includes Bold, Underline (special color), Blink and reverse. Definable colors are not a part of the VT-100 specifications and if you will need it you should select the ANSI emulation which is a relaxed VT-100 with colour codes. ^hNational character sets^n Both the VT-100 and VT-220 support automatic by default the following codepages: 437, 850, 857, 860, 863, 865 and all the national characters for each codepage automatic for all the languages defined in the DEC standards making Terminate having the best international VT emulations and will work in most cases in the following languages. ^hBritish^n ^hDutch^n ^hFinnish^n ^hFrench^n ^hCanadian^n ^hGerman^n ^hItalian^n ^hDanish^n ^hSpanish^n ^hSwedish^n ^hSwiss^n In other words, we support 11 languages each 6 codepages supporting a total number of 66 combinations, which is an unheard of number that we have not seen matched in any DOS communication program. A translation table is no longer needed and everything will in normal cases be automatic. ^hVT-220^n The original VT-220 in Terminate has as well as the VT-100 been developed to follow the DEC standards very carefully. VT-220 is a more advanced emulation than VT-100 and have some special functions like 132 columns on screen, use of 8-bit characters, re-programming of keyboard, selective erase and much more. We have tried to include the complete VT-220 with as many features as possible to give you the best possible emulation. The host might request your keyboard type and if you need to force a certain keyboard you can force the following: British, Flemish, French-Canadian, Danish, Finnish, Dutch, Italian, Swiss French, Swiss German, Swedish, Norwegian, French Belgian and Spanish. Please note that colours are not a part of the VT-220 specifications. ^hDebug emulations^n The two debug emulations found in Terminate have various purposes only needed by developers of host systems or other communication packages. In hex mode you will see the the received characters as [xx] where xx represents the value in hex. An "A" would become [41] In Ascii mode characters in the picture to the right will replaced with the mnemonic that represents the value of the incoming character. Only use this emulation when you are testing. All the data on the screen will be saved to the capture file if the capture file is open. Value Mnemonic Value Mnemonic Value Mnemonic Value Mnemonic 0 [NUL] 10 [LF] 20 [DC4] 30 [RS] 1 [SOH] 11 [VT] 21 [NAK] 31 [US] 2 [STX] 12 [FF] 22 [SYN] 255 [0xFF] 3 [ETX] 13 [CR] 23 [ETB] 4 [EOT] 14 [SO] 24 [CAN] 5 [ENQ] 15 [SI] 25 [EN] 6 [ACK] 16 [DLE] 26 [SUB] 7 [BEL] 17 [DC1] 27 [ESC] 8 [BS] 18 [DC2] 28 [FS] 9 [HT] 19 [DC3] 29 [GS] ^m╒════╡^t Emulation setup ^m╞╕ │^r Default terminal ^m│ │ ^bS^netup terminal ^m│ │ ^bE^ndit keyboard ^m│ │ ^nD^bo^norway setup ^m│ │ ^bR^neset all terminals ^m│ ╘═══════════════════════╛^n Terminate provides 16 terminal slots and each of these slots can be setup to act in different ways. Each terminal slot can be assigned one emulation and different settings. For example you could have 3 different VT-100 emulations each with a different base color. This terminal slot can then be assigned to a phonebook entry and used whenever you dial that entry. To make it easier to understand please look at the following picture: Terminal slot 1 ───────────────> Emulation 1 Terminal slot 2 ────────┐ Emulation 2 Terminal slot 3 ─────┐ └──────> Emulation 3 Terminal slot 4 ──┐ │ Emulation 4 . │ │ . . │ │ . . └─>└─────────> Emulation 10 . . . . . Each terminal slot also has additional settings that can be set for each slot. That means if you need two almost equal VT-100 terminals, you can configure both to different terminal slots and even put in a little comment which will be shown when you select the emulation with Alt-T or assign a terminal slot to a phonebook entry. ^hDefault terminal^n ^m╒═════════════╤═════════╡^t Select Terminal ^m╞════════╤════════════╕ │^r■ANSI-BBS ^m│ ^nANSI for Bulletin Boards ^m│ │ │ ^nANSI ^m│ ^nNormal ANSI ^m│ │ │ ^nAvatar/ANSI ^m│ ^nAvatar/0* with ANSI-BBS fallback ^m│ │ │ ^nVT-52 ^m│ ^nEmulate a DEC VT52 terminal ^m│ │ │ ^nVT-100 ^m│ ^nEmulate a DEC VT100,VT102 terminal ^m│ ^nStrict ^m│ │ ^nVT-100 ^m│ ^nEmulate a DEC VT100,VT102 terminal ^m│ ^nRelaxed ^m│ │ ^nVT-220 ^m│ ^nEmulate a DEC VT220 terminal ^m│ ^nStrict ^m│ │ ^nVT-220 ^m│ ^nEmulate a DEC VT220 terminal ^m│ ^nRelaxed ^m│ ╘═════════════╧════════════════════════════════════╧════════════╛^n Which terminal slot should be default when starting up Terminate. The ^b■^n marks the default startup slot. ^hSetup terminal^n Depending on which emulation you select you can change various options. For ANSI/Avatar/VT-52 the following menu is used: ^m╒═════════════════╤═════════════╡^t Terminal setup 1 ^m╞╕ │ ^bE^nmulation ^m│ ^hANSI-BBS ^m│ │ ^bC^nomment ^m│ │ │ ^bK^neyboard file ^m│ ^hANSI .KBD ^m│ │ ^bS^ntatusline ^m│ ^hYes ^m│ │ ^bD^nefault color ^m│ ^t■^n ^m│ │ ^bN^numlock ^m│ ^hNo change ^m│ │ ^bO^nptions ^m│ │ ├─────────────────┼─────────────────────────────────┤ │^r Scroll screen ^m│ ^hYes ^m│ │ ^bL^nocal echo ^m│ ^hNo ^m│ │ ^bA^ndd linefeed ^m│ ^hNo ^m│ │ ^bS^ntrip high ^m│ ^hNo ^m│ │ ^bE^nrase backspace ^m│ ^hYes ^m│ │ ^bI^ngnore null ^m│ ^hYes ^m│ │ ^bA^nNSI music ^m│ ^hYes ^m│ │ ^bC^nenter screen ^m│ ^hYes ^m│ │ ^nA^bu^nto ANSI ^m│ ^hYes ^m│ └─────────────────┴─────────────────────────────────┘^n For VT-100 the menu looks like this: ^m╒═════════════════╤════════════╡^t Terminal setup 10 ^m╞╕ │ ^bE^nmulation ^m│ ^hVT-100 ^m│ │ ^bC^nomment ^m│ ^hStrict ^m│ │ ^bK^neyboard file ^m│ ^hVT100 .KBD ^m│ │ ^bS^ntatusline ^m│ ^hYes ^m│ │ ^bD^nefault color ^m│ ^t■^n ^m│ │ ^bN^numlock ^m│ ^hNo change ^m│ │ ^bO^nptions ^m│ │ ├─────────────────┼─────────────────────────────────┤ │^r Code page ^m│ ^h865 Auto-detection ^m│ │ ^bR^nelaxed mode ^m│ ^hNo ^m│ │ ^bE^nrase backspace ^m│ ^hYes ^m│ │ ^bS^ncroll screen ^m│ ^hYes ^m│ │ ^bW^nrap line ^m│ ^hYes ^m│ │ ^bA^ndd linefeed ^m│ ^hNo ^m│ │ ^bT^nerminal ID ^m│ ^hVT-100 ^m│ └─────────────────┴─────────────────────────────────┘^n For VT-220 the menu looks like this: ^m╒═════════════════╤════════════╡^t Terminal setup 12 ^m╞╕ │ ^bE^nmulation ^m│ ^hVT-220 ^m│ │ ^bC^nomment ^m│ ^hStrict ^m│ │ ^bK^neyboard file ^m│ ^hVT220 .KBD ^m│ │ ^bS^ntatusline ^m│ ^hYes ^m│ │ ^bD^nefault color ^m│ ^t■^n ^m│ │ ^bN^numlock ^m│ ^hNo change ^m│ │ ^bO^nptions ^m│ ^m│ ├─────────────────┼─────────────────────────────────┤ │^r Code page ^m│ ^h865 Auto-detection ^m│ │ ^bR^nelaxed mode ^m│ ^hNo ^m│ │ ^bE^nrase backspace ^m│ ^hYes ^m│ │ ^bS^ncroll screen ^m│ ^hYes ^m│ │ ^bW^nrap line ^m│ ^hYes ^m│ │ ^bA^ndd linefeed ^m│ ^hNo ^m│ │ ^bT^nerminal ID ^m│ ^hVT-220 ^m│ │ ^bK^neyboard ID ^m│ ^hAuto-detection Danish ^m│ │ ^bV^nT print file ^m│ ^hPRN ^m│ │ ^bL^nock keyboard ^m│ ^hNo ^m│ └─────────────────┴─────────────────────────────────┘^n ^hSettings for emulations^n ^hEmulation^n Which emulation should be used for this terminal slot. ^hComment^n A small comment that will be shown when you choose default Terminal and Terminal in the phonebook. If you have a terminal without the statusline enabled you could make a comment about it here. ^hKeyboard file^n If you want a special keyboard file (.KBD) to be loaded when this terminal slot is selected. You can overwrite this in the phonebook by entering another keyboard mapping for that phonebook entry and you can always at any time load a new keyboard with Alt-=. ^hStatusline^n When using a terminal slot, you can choose to show the statusline on the screen. This is normally always turned on. With this option you can select a terminal slot for a phone entry that has the statusline turned off when you call that system. Remember that switching off the statusline when using VT-100 or VT-220 emulation has no effect since the VT-100 screen is specified to 80x24 and the VT-220 is either 80x24 or 132x24. Line 25 cannot be used when using these two emulation, so there is no need to turn it off there. ^hDefault color^n What color to use as default when selecting terminal. ^hNumlock^n Whenever terminal slot is in use you can force numlock to be turned on/off/unchanged. ^hScroll screen^n Normally Terminate will scroll the screen down, but some systems will not need this, so you can just change this setting if you have problems. ^hLocal echo^n Toggles local echo. Local echo is sometimes also called ^hDUPLEX^n. Local echo off = Full duplex Local echo on = Half duplex When local echo is on, the characters you type will echo on the screen. If you have a modem connected, you may then see the characters twice every time you press a key. You normally always use local echo off (Full duplex) ^hAdd linefeed^n When Terminate gets #13 it is interpreted as if Terminate had also received a linefeed. ^hStrip high^n Strip all characters above ASCII 127 on incoming traffic. Should not be used normally. ^hErase backspace^n When pressing backspace (ASCII 8) then if this option is On, the cursor will move 1 back and erase the character, Off will only move the cursor 1 back. Default is On. ^hIgnore null^n If a system sends nulls (#0), Terminate ignores them when this is turned on. TTY and VT52 emulations ignore these. ^hANSI music^n Allow ANSI music when using this emulation. Note that VT-102 cannot use ANSI music because a scroll command ESC[M starts with the same code as ANSI music. ^hCenter screen^n If you are using a screen size more than 80, lets say 132, and call a system that only uses 80 chars (most systems), then Terminate can center the screen for you. That means position 1 on the screen will be recalculated for all screen writes with (132-80)/2 = 26 as left margin. ^hAuto ANSI^n Some systems send an ANSI request cursor position; if enabled Terminate will respond and the other end will assume you are capable of ANSI. ^hSpecial VT-100 and VT-220 settings^n ^hCode page^n VT-100 and VT-220 will detect your codepage but you can also force the use of a certain codepage is needed. ^m╒══════════╡^t Select codepage ^m╞╕ │^r 865 Auto-detection ^m│ │ ^n437 United States ^m│ │ ^n850 Multilingual - Latin I ^m│ │ ^n857 Turkish ^m│ │ ^n860 Portuguese ^m│ │ ^n863 Canadian-French ^m│ │ ^n865 Nordic ^m│ ╘═════════════════════════════╛^n ^hRelaxed mode^n Will VT-100 allow 8 bit characters. Please note that the relaxed mode is not part of the official DEC standard and is only included for compatibility reasons. VT-220 in relaxed mode will send 2 byte escape sequences instead of the normal 8-bit. It has been included for compatibility reasons. ^hWrap line^n Allow wrapping at end of line. CR+LF will be sent if last column is reached. ^hTerminal ID^n VT-100 and VT-220 will return a terminal ID code, telling the other end 'Yes I am a VT-xxx terminal'. However some systems might need your end to respond with a different terminal ID. ^m╒═══════╡^t Select terminal ID ^m╞╕ │^r VT-100 ^m│ │ ^nVT-101 ^m│ │ ^nVT-102 ^m│ │ ^nVT-220 ^m│ ╘═════════════════════════════╛^n ^hSpecial VT-220 settings^n ^hKeyboard ID^n VT-220 will normally respond to the host with the correct keyboard code, however in certain situations you might need to force the host to think you are using another keyboard and that is what the following menu is used for. ^m╒═══════════════╡^t Select keyboard ID ^m╞╕ │^r Auto-detection Danish ^m│ │ ^nUS ^m│ │ ^nBritish ^m│ │ ^nFlemish ^m│ │ ^nFrench-Canadian ^m│ │ ^nDanish ^m│ │ ^nFinnish ^m│ │ ^nGerman ^m│ │ ^nDutch ^m│ │ ^nItalian ^m│ │ ^nSwiss French ^m│ │ ^nSwiss German ^m│ │ ^nSwedish ^m│ │ ^nNorwegian ^m│ │ ^nFrench Belgian ^m│ │ ^nSpanish ^m│ ╘═════════════════════════════════════╛^n ^hVT print file^n VT-220 has special commands to either print a line or the entire screen on your printer. Terminate supports these commands, but gives you the option of sending the output to a file instead of directly to the printer. If you want to ignore any print command, simply blank out this field. PRN is printer 1, but you can also use LPT1, LPT2 or LPT3. ^hLock keyboard^n VT-220 has the option of allowing the host to re-program the following keys on a original terminal: f6..f14, Do, Help, f17..f20. These keys are in Terminate placed at F6..F10 & Shift-F1..Shift-F10 and by enabling this toggle, you can prevent your keyboard from ever being re-programmed. Normally you would not do this since there usually is a good reason for the host to program your keyboard and these keyboard settings are not saved permanently in the keyboard files unless you specifically ask for it by editing after a re-programming and saving afterwards. ^hEdit keyboard^n ^m┌────────────────────┬────────────────────────────────────────────────────── │ │ ^nF1 Sh-F1 C-F1 ^hBo Bendtse ^m│ ^nKeyboard mapping ^m│ ^nF2 Sh-F2 C-F2 ^hKastanie a ^m│ │ ^nF3 Sh-F3 C-F3 ^h2620 Alber ^m└────────────────────┤ ^nF4 Sh-F4 C-F4 ^hDanmark^M ^m│ ^nF5 Sh-F5 C-F5 ^hATM0 ^nKeypad * ^m│ ^nF6 Sh-F6 C-F6 ^hATM1 ^nKeypad - ^h- ^m│ ^nF7 Sh-F7 C-F7 ^hATDT#43# ^nKeypad + ^h+ ^m│ ^nF8 Sh-F8 C-F8 ^hATDT*43# ^nKeypad . ^h. ^m│ ^nF9 Sh-F9 C-F9 ^hATI4 ^nKeypad / ^h/ ^m│ ^nF10 Sh-F10 C-F10 ^hAT&V ^nKeypad<┘ ^m│ ^nF11 ^h@DIAL 5 6^n Sh-F11 C-F11 ^hATI6 ^m│ ^nF12 Sh-F12 C-F12 ^hAT$H ^m─────────────────────┼────────────────────────────────────────────────────── ^nTab ^m│ ^nKeypad 0 ^h0 ^nGrey CUp CurUp ^nSh-Tab ^m│ ^nKeypad 1 ^h1 ^nGrey CDn CurDn ^nInsert ^m│ ^nKeypad 2 ^h2 ^nGrey CLf CurLf ^nDelete ^m│ ^nKeypad 3 ^h3 ^nGrey CRt CurRt ^nBckspace ^m│ ^nKeypad 4 ^h4 ^nGrey Ins ^nC-Home ^m│ ^nKeypad 5 ^h5 ^nGrey Del Home ^nC-End ^m│ ^nKeypad 6 ^h6 ^nGrey Home End ^nC-PgUp ^m│ ^nKeypad 7 ^h7 ^nGrey End ^nC-PgDn ^m│ ^nKeypad 8 ^h8 ^nGrey PgUp Enter ^nC-Bckspc ^m│ ^nKeypad 9 ^h9 ^nGrey PgDn ^t Esc = Exit Enter = Edit Grey PgUp/PgDn=Up/Download if blank │ AVATAR.KBD ^n Each keyboard file contains a complete set of codes that will be sent when you press the function or special keys on your keyboard. Different emulations need special characters to be sent when, for example, you press F1. You have 20 chars for each entry and 40 chars for the Ctrl-F1..Ctrl-F12 keys. ^bC- = Ctrl Sh- = Shift^n As you can see in this AVATAR.KBD file, I have set up my name on Ctrl-F1. Then my name will be sent in terminal mode when I press Ctrl-F1. It's a good idea to insert your name, address, city, etc, here because most systems will ask you for this information and then you don't have to enter it manually over and over again. A special command is @DIAL, which you can insert anywhere. When you then press this key. Terminate will enter the phonebook, tag the entries and start dialing the numbers. ^h@DIAL 5 6 7 8 9 10^n Will tag and then start dialing these entries. If you have a system you call very often, you can enter the entry number from the phonebook here and then you can call this system by pressing just one key. In the example F11 is used. Remember to turn on enhanced keyboard in toggles first or use keys other than F11 and F12. You should not change ^hGrey PgUp/PgDn^n unless 100% necessary, because these keys are used for the upload and download menu. Another default setting only for Denmark is Ctrl-F7. This turns off something we call "knock on door" or "call waiting". Which means that, on digital lines while we are talking to another person, we hear a beep when a 3rd person calls. Since this noise on the line might interfere, we turn it off. Ctrl-F8 turns it on again (at the phone company) If you need any special characters here, just press Alt-A while editing - then you can select from the ASCII selector. Terminate will understand both a #13 and '^M' as the same. The reason that ^M will be translated into a #13 (return) when it is sent, is to remain compatible with old terminal programs that don't have an ASCII selector like Terminate and then it would be impossible to edit that character. The keyboard string and modem strings will understand the ^ parameter. ^@ = 0, ^A = 1, ^M = 13. It is because the ASCII value of a M is 77, from that is deducted 64 (77-64) equals 13. The ~ is normally used for pausing 1/2 second, however the same character is used by the Internet, so to actually send ~ you must enter ^~ ^~ Send the character ~ ^hDoorway setup^n Terminate supports of course all Doorway options, including special characters reception and printer redirection and comes fully ready to run. ^m╒═════════════════╤════════════════╡^t Doorway setup ^m╞╕ │ ^bA^nuto Doorway ^m│ ^hYes ^m│ │^r Remote printing ^m│ ^hYes ^m│ │ ^bP^nrint file ^m│ ^hPRN ^m│ ╘═════════════════╧═════════════════════════════════╛^n ^hAuto Doorway^n When Doorway sends detection codes, allow automatic switch into Doorway mode. You can press Scroll Lock to jump in and out manually all the time as well. Terminate comes fully provided with both a HOST\DOOR.BAT which is installed as default for supervisors in hostmode and a HOST\DOORMENU which is predefined for DOS-shell, running the maileditor remote and running the filemanager remote. Read those files for more information on running Doorway. If you are using fossil drivers like X00 or cFos (ISDN) you just need to change the DOOR.BAT which has all the examples you will need. ^hRemote printing^n Allow remote printing from all printers on the computer you are controlling. This means that when you dial into the hostmode of Terminate, jump to DOS using Doorway and use any program that prints to PRN,LPT1,LPT2 or LPT3 the data would instead of being printed locally on the host, be sent to the Print file below. ^hPrint file^n Where to send the redirected data. Use PRN for your local printer or a filename to save the data for later use. ^hReset all terminals^n Set back all settings to installation defaults. Only use this if you have messed up all the settings and something does not work anymore.